Alcatraz Island archaeological investigations

Archaeological investigations on Alcatraz Island by the National Park Service and affiliated researchers have documented material remains from 19th‑century military fortifications, the lighthouse, and modifications associated with the 20th‑century federal prison. Archaeologists have recorded structural features, artifacts tied to daily life of military and prison occupants, and material associated with the 1969–1971 American Indian Occupation. Reports and collections from these studies are maintained by the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and related repositories.