First successful human kidney transplant (Peter Bent Brigham Hospital)

On December 23, 1954, surgeons at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston performed what is documented as the first successful human kidney transplant, operating on identical twins; the procedure was led by Dr. Joseph E. Murray. The operation is considered the first successful human organ transplant and established techniques that made transplant surgery viable. Dr. Murray later received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 for work in organ transplantation.