Barton Springs – Archaeological evidence of Indigenous use

Barton Springs Pool and the surrounding Barton Creek terraces have produced archaeological materials, including stone tools and midden deposits, that document Native American use of the springs and creek in prehistoric times. Professional archaeological investigations and City of Austin reports have recorded campsites and artifact scatters along Barton Creek associated with repeated occupation and resource use. Ethnohistoric sources link the broader Barton Creek area in historic times with groups such as the Tonkawa and Comanche, though specific tribal affiliations for prehistoric deposits are often uncertain or debated.